The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article 2 of the Convention,
Also recalling decision 2/CP.17, paragraphs 75–77,
Further recalling decision 4/CP.23,
Recognizing the fundamental priority of safeguarding food security and ending hunger, and the particular vulnerabilities of food production systems to the adverse impacts of climate change,
Also recognizing that the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and other global challenges has exposed the limited resilience of global food systems to the adverse impacts of climate change and the limited progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and ensuring food security,
Acknowledging that the increasing frequency of extreme weather events has exposed millions of people, especially small-scale farmers, those from low-income households, indigenous peoples, women and youth in developing countries, to acute food and water insecurity and that, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, more than 800 million people face hunger every year, a figure set to increase as a consequence of climate change,
Highlighting that farmers, including smallholders and pastoralists, are stewards of the land and are inclined to apply sustainable land management approaches, and acknowledging that their vulnerability to climate change presents a challenge in fulfilling this important role and that policy responses in agriculture are more likely to succeed if they consider the role of farmers as key agents of change,
Also highlighting that each food production system has its own challenges and that solutions must be context-specific and take into account national circumstances, especially if they are to be scaled up,
1. Welcomes the progress of and outcomes achieved by the subsidiary bodies in jointly addressing issues related to agriculture and the Koronivia road map;
2. Takes note of the following recommendations on the different workshop reports under the Koronivia joint work on agriculture identified and agreed in conclusions of the subsidiary bodies, recognizing that related policies and their implementation are context-specific and take into account national circumstances:
(a) Recognized that information provided during the workshops and in the workshop reports and other information provides a mapping of activities and mandates of UNFCCC constituted bodies;
(b) Encouraged the continued involvement of constituted bodies and financing entities in the Koronivia joint work on agriculture, highlighting the potential for creating interlinkages that lead to enhanced action and improvements in implementation;
(c) Recognized that some modalities for implementation already exist and invited Parties to scale up implementation;
(d) Also recognized the importance of the continued involvement of scientific and technical knowledge in transforming the agriculture sector, enabling conditions, the crucial role of farmers, youth, local communities and indigenous peoples, including gender considerations, and of meeting the needs of farmers and food systems;
(e) Welcomed the presentation made by the Green Climate Fund on its work on issues relating to agriculture, and welcomed the subsequent clarification by the secretariat of the process for Parties to submit their views to the Standing Committee on Finance, in line with existing procedures, on elements to be taken into account in developing guidance for the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism;
(f) Recognized that various tools are available for assessing and monitoring adaptation and its co-benefits, but existing tools could benefit from further adjustment and new tools could be developed for country-specific circumstances, while taking into consideration the importance of sharing best practices among countries and other stakeholders and the important role of science, technology and capacity-building in facilitating data collection and adaptation assessment;
(g) Also recognized that issues relating to soil carbon, soil health and soil fertility, as well as sustainable soil and integrated water management, are context-specific and, taking into account countries’ circumstances, should be dealt with in a holistic and inclusive manner to realize the full potential of increased productivity in contributing to food security, adaptation and adaptation co-benefits as well as enhancing carbon sinks;
(h) Further recognized that soil and nutrient management practices and the optimal use of nutrients, including organic fertilizer and enhanced manure management, lie at the core of climate-resilient, sustainable food production systems and can contribute to global food security;
(i) Recognized that livestock management systems are very vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and that sustainably managed livestock systems have high adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change while playing broad roles in safeguarding food and nutrition security, livelihoods, sustainability, nutrient cycling and carbon management;
(j) Noted that improving sustainable production and animal health, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the livestock sector while enhancing sinks on pasture and grazing land, can contribute to achieving long-term climate objectives, taking into account different systems and national circumstances;
(k) Recognized that socioeconomic and food security dimensions are critical when dealing with climate change in agriculture and food systems;
(l) Also recognized the fundamental priority of safeguarding food security and ending hunger by designing sustainable and climate-resilient agricultural systems, applying a systemic approach in line with the long-term global climate objectives, further recognizing the importance of long-term investment in agriculture focused on this objective;
(m) Noted the importance of scaling up support to enhance action on safeguarding food and nutrition security and ending hunger, aiming for inclusive, sustainable and climateresilient agricultural systems, taking into consideration the vulnerability of agriculture to the impacts of climate change;
(n) Recognized the need to improve the enabling environment for mobilizing resources for implementing action at the local, national and international level;
(o) Noted the importance of considering sustainable land and water management for agriculture in a systemic and integrated manner informed by scientific, local and indigenous knowledge implemented in a participatory and inclusive manner and taking into consideration regional, national and local circumstances to deliver a range of multiple benefits, where applicable, such as adaptation, adaptation co-benefits and mitigation, to ensure food security and nutrition;
(p) Highlighted ‘no regrets’ options, such as those mentioned in the workshop reports and avoiding maladaptation;
(q) Noted that implementing sustainable approaches can render multiple benefits for society, such as improved water quality, higher biodiversity and increased soil organic matter, and also noted the value of incorporating diversification, recycling and efficiency, and supporting synergies within agricultural systems;
(r) Recognized the importance of increased access to international resources, such as finance, capacity-building and technology development and transfer, from a variety of sources to implement these approaches;
(s) Recognized the need to scale up the implementation of best practices, innovations and technologies that increase resilience and sustainable production in agricultural systems according to national circumstances in an inclusive and participatory way that includes farmers, pastoralists, indigenous peoples, local and vulnerable communities, women and youth and is informed by scientific, local, and indigenous knowledge;
(t) Noted that many approaches with high potential for adaptation, adaptation cobenefits and mitigation relate to land and food systems, such as conserving and restoring ecosystems, improving sustainability of agricultural practices and reducing food loss and waste from sustainable food systems, and have significant positive direct and indirect links with biodiversity and ecosystem services, food security and the Sustainable Development Goals;
(u) Recognized that scaling up implementation requires enhanced knowledgesharing on best practices, access to finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity-building;
(v) Recognized that innovative policy and social approaches to scaling up, such as institutional arrangements, partnerships and farmers’ empowerment, can incentivize implementation and support an enabling environment for scaling up best practices;
(w) Noted that successful policy innovations can include extension services and farmers’ self-organization;
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